Helping Kids with Autism Build Executive Function Skills

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A Guide for Parents – From Early Childhood to Young Adulthood 

Executive function (EF) skills help us plan, focus, remember instructions, and manage emotions. For children with autism—whether they are highly verbal or have intellectual disabilities—these skills often need extra support.

This guide breaks down what parents should know by age group and level of support.

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What Are Executive Function Skills?

EF skills include:

• Working memory – remembering and using information

• Flexible thinking – adjusting to changes or new rules

• Self-control – managing emotions and impulses

• Planning & organization – setting goals and following steps

Early Childhood (Ages 2–6)

What to Expect:
Kids may struggle with transitions, emotional control, and understanding routines.​